If one of the member elements within a compound query element is itself a compound query element, then we refer to that member element as a nested query element. Although it was not identified as such, we have already seen such a case. Consider again the last example, only we will add parentheses to mark the explicit grouping for OP1: (q1 OP1 (q2 OP2 q3)) The compound query element, Nested Query Elements